Clinical Studies

Abstracts are presented below for clinical studies on Cabbage Rose.

• Botanical Name: Rosa Centifolia

• Ayurvedic Name: Shatapatri

• Common Name: Cabbage Rose

Plant Phytonutrient Profile

1: J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Jul/​Aug;12(6):535/​41.

Effect of aromatherapy on symptoms of dysmenorrhea in college students: A
randomized placebo/​controlled clinical trial.

Han SH, Hur MH, Buckle J, Choi J, Lee MS.

School of Nursing, Wonkwang Public Health College, Iksan, Korea.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of aromatherapy
on menstrual cramps and symptoms of dysmenorrhea. DESIGN: The study was a
randomized placebo/​controlled trial. SUBJECTS: The subjects were 67 female
college students who rated their menstrual cramps to be greater than 6 on a
10/​point visual analogue scale, who had no systemic or reproductive diseases,
and who did not use contraceptive drugs. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized
into three groups: (1) an experimental group (n = 25) who received aromatherapy,
(2) a placebo group (n = 20), and (3) a control group (n = 22). Aromatherapy was
applied topically to the experimental group in the form of an abdominal massage
using two drops of lavender (Lavandula officinalis), one drop of clary sage
(Salvia sclarea), and one drop of rose (Rosa centifolia) in 5 cc of almond oil.
The placebo group received the same treatment but with almond oil only, and the
control group received no treatment. OUTCOME MEASURES: The menstrual cramps
levels was assessed using a visual analogue scale and severity of dysmenorrhea
was measured with a verbal multidimensional scoring system. RESULTS: The
menstrual cramps were significantly lowered in the aromatherapy group than in
the other two groups at both post/​test time points (first and second day of
menstruation after treatment). From the multiple regression aromatherapy was
found to be associated with the changes in menstrual cramp levels (first day:
Beta = /​2.48, 95% CI: /​3.68 to /​1.29, p < 0.001; second day: Beta = /​1.97, 95%
CI: /​3.66 to /​0.29, p = 0.02 and the severity of dysmenorrhea (first day: Beta =
0.31, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.57, p = 0.02; second day: Beta = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.10 to
0.56, p = 0.006) than that found in the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These
findings suggest that aromatherapy using topically applied lavender, clary sage,
and rose is effective in decreasing the severity of menstrual cramps.
Aromatherapy can be offered as part of the nursing care to women experiencing
menstrual cramps or dysmenorrhea.

Publication Types:
Randomized Controlled Trial

PMID: 16884344 [PubMed /​ indexed for MEDLINE]

2: Ann Bot (Lond). 2006 Feb;97(2):231/​8. Epub 2005 Dec 12.

Chemical and histochemical analysis of 'Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux', a Moss
Rose of the Rosa x damascena group.

Caissard JC, Bergougnoux V, Martin M, Mauriat M, Baudino S.

Laboratoire BVpam (Biotechnologies Vegetales, plantes aromatiques et
medicinales), EA 3061, Universite Jean Monnet, 23, rue du Docteur Paul Michelon,
42023 Saint/​Etienne cedex 2, France.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Moss roses are old garden roses covered with a mossy growth
on flower pedicel and calyx. This moss releases a pine/​scented oleoresin that is
very sticky and odoriferous. Rosa x centifolia 'muscosa' was the first moss rose
to be obtained by bud/​mutation but, interestingly, R. x damascena 'Quatre
Saisons Blanc Mousseux' was the first repeat/​blooming cultivar, thus interesting
breeders. In the present study, the anatomy of these sports (i.e. bud/​mutations)
is characterized and the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the moss
versus the petals are identified. They are compared between the two lines and
their respective parents. METHODS: Anatomy of the moss is studied by
environmental scanning electron microscopy and histochemical light microscopy.
Sudan Red IV and Fluorol Yellow 088 are used to detect lipids, and 1/​naphthol
reaction with N,N/​dimethyl/​p/​phenylenediamine to detect terpenes (Nadi
reaction). Head/​space or solid/liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography
and mass spectrometry are used to identify VOCs in moss, trichomes and petals.
KEY RESULTS: Moss of the two cultivars has the same structure with trichomes on
other trichomes but not exactly the same VOCs. These VOCs are specific to the
moss, with lots of terpenes. An identical VOC composition is found in leaves but
not in petals. They are nearly the same in the moss mutants and in the
respective wild types. CONCLUSIONS: Sepals of moss roses and their parents have
a specific VOC pattern, different from that of the petals. The moss corresponds
to a heterochronic mutation with trichomes developing on other trichomes. Such a
mutation has probably appeared twice and independently in the two lines.

Publication Types:
Comparative Study

PMID: 16344264 [PubMed /​ indexed for MEDLINE]